Acute prostatitis is the most common disease among men. It is most often diagnosed between the ages of 30 and 50 in almost 60% of the male population.
In the acute form of prostatitis, an inflammatory process develops in the prostate gland. For the treatment of this stage of the disease, several groups of drugs are used, prostate massage, physiotherapy. The most important thing in treatment is to prevent the transition of pathology to a chronic form.
Acute prostatitis in men and the reasons for its development
Acute prostatitis is the development of an inflammatory process in the prostate gland caused by the penetration of infection.
The disease is accompanied by swelling and suppuration in the tissues of the prostate.
This is the most common disease among men, which is accompanied by disorders of sexual function and fertility, disorders of the psycho-emotional state, as well as social maladjustment.
Forms of acute prostatitis
The development of acute prostatitis goes through 4 stages, which are simultaneously its forms:
- catarrhal;
- follicular;
- parenchymal;
- abscessing.
The disease begins with the development of catarrhal inflammation, causing changes in the mucous and submucous layer of the excretory ducts of the gland. Edema of the walls of the ducts provokes stagnation of mucopurulent secretions in the follicles of the prostate. The inflammatory process begins to progress, causing focal suppuration of the lobules of the prostate gland. Acute follicular prostatitis is formed.
Multiple damage to the lobules of the gland, a structural change in the tissues of the prostate and the development of a purulent-inflammatory process in them leads to the next stage of the disease - parenchymal.
When many foci of inflammation merge into one large, an abscess of the prostate gland is formed. There is a possibility of opening it into the urethra, perineum, rectum or bladder cavity.
The reasons for the development of the disease
The following factors can cause acute prostatitis in men:
- Infectious processes in the genitourinary system. Infectious agents (gram-negative and gram-positive) can penetrate into the tissues of the prostate: Escherichia coli, Proteus, staphylococci, streptococci. In many cases, the acute form of the disease can be caused by causative agents of urogenital infections, such as: ureoplasmosis, chlamydia, mycoplasmosis, gonorrhea, candidiasis, etc.
- Infectious processes that enter the urethra through the urethra. Microbes can enter the prostate tissue through the excretory ducts of the prostate gland that open into the urethra. That is why any type of bladder inflammation is accompanied by acute prostatitis in men.
- Infectious processes that enter the gland through the blood. The penetration of infection into the prostate through the blood supply system is due to its widely developed system of arterial and venous fusion. Microbes in this case are carried through the circulatory system from distant foci of purulent inflammation in diseases such as: tonsillitis, caries, sinusitis, bronchitis, cholecystitis and others.
- Sedentary lifestyle. As a result of low motor activity, stagnation of the juice of the prostate gland is formed. This is facilitated by: long-term work at the computer, rare walks in the fresh air, smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages, rare sex, refusal of active rest.
- Hypothermia. Long-term exposure to cold on the genitourinary system causes disturbances in blood supply, which also leads to stagnation in the prostate, which provokes the onset of acute prostatitis.
- Injuries to the pelvic organs and the prostate gland. When an injury is received, the release of the secretion of the prostate gland is difficult, which leads to the development of an inflammatory process, which subsequently causes acute prostatitis.
- Medical procedures. An acute form of prostatitis can develop as a result of chemotherapy or radiation therapy, as well as after medical examinations through the urethra.
Symptoms
The clinical picture in acute prostatitis is characterized by the presence of the following signs:
- Difficulty urinating
- feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder;
- the occurrence of frequent urge to urinate;
- itching and burning;
- aching dull pain in the head of the penis, radiating to the anus (as the pathology develops, the pain will become chronic);
- pain during the act of defecation;
- increased body temperature (from 37 to 40 degrees - depending on the stage of development of the disease);
- decreased sex drive;
- erection problems;
- the content of traces of pus and blood in urine;
- deterioration in general well-being.
Treatment
Acute prostatitis, in contrast to the chronic form of the disease, responds well to therapy. Serious complications are very rare.
The most important task of drug treatment is to rid the patient of pain syndrome and the causative agent of the pathology, to restore the normal process of urination.
Drugs used in the medical treatment of acute prostatitis:
- AntibioticsThe main group of drugs in the treatment of acute prostatitis. To choose an antibiotic, the doctor must accurately determine the causative agent of the disease. Most often, a combination of antibiotics is prescribed, when one drug is taken in a course, after which it is replaced with another. This approach minimizes the development of re-inflammation and prevents the transition of an acute form of the disease to a chronic one. Antibiotics-fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, penicillins are successfully used.
- DiureticsDiuretics are prescribed to facilitate the process of urination and reduce stress. Diuretics promote regular and volumetric urine output. Medicines and herbal diuretics are used.
- Antipyretic. They are used to reduce body temperature, eliminate pain in the joints and head.
- Antispasmodics. Medicines that relax smooth muscles, relieve spasms. Also, drugs in this group relieve pain and help relieve urination.
- Alpha blockers. Drugs that relieve spasms well, stimulate and facilitate the removal of urine from the patient.
After removing the main symptoms of the disease, prostate massage and physiotherapy procedures can be additionally prescribed.
After recovery, you must lead a healthy lifestyle.
Correctly selected treatment and compliance with all doctor's prescriptions will eliminate acute prostatitis and prevent it from becoming chronic.